In this paper we study the general conditions that have to be met for a gauged extension of a two-dimensional bosonic σ-model to exist. In an inversion of the usual approach of identifying a global symmetry and then promoting ...

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The first pulsar has been detected in 1967 as a seemingly pulsating radio source. Since then, more than 2800 pulsars have been discovered. Most of them also in radio. With the launch of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope ...

During the past several decades our knowledge on the effects of light on human health and its underlying mechanisms has been expanded exponentially. These findings have led to an enormous scientific progress including new ...

Crystalline silicon has been proposed as a new test mass material in third generation gravitational wave detectors such as the Einstein telescope (ET). Birefringence can reduce the interferometric contrast and can produce ...

The Andean snowpack is an important source of water for many communities. As other snow-covered regions around the world, the Andes are sensitive to black carbon (BC) deposition from fossil fuel and biomass combustion. BC ...

For a uniform population of neutron stars whose spin-down is dominated by the emission of gravitational radiation, an old argument of Blandford states that the expected gravitational-wave amplitude of the nearest source ...

Linckelmann and Murphy have classified the Morita equivalence classes of p-blocks of finite groups whose basic algebra has dimension at most. We extend their classification to dimension and. As predicted by Donovan's ...

Organic materials offer great potential as electrodes for batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, flexible structural design, and easily accessible materials. However, one significant drawback of organic electrode ...

Polarons, quasiparticles resulting from the interaction between an impurity and the collective excitations of a medium, play a fundamental role in physics, mainly because they represent an essential building block for ...