Manufacturing companies, such as plant manufacturers and factory equipment suppliers, have been able to
expand their traditional business model with services in recent decades, particularly around their core
product. Thus, the transactional business model evolved into today's project business, where for example
engineering services and after-sales services were additionally provided. Through the advancing integration
of producers, customers and machines into cyber-physical systems, known as Industrie 4.0, it is now also
possible to offer the core product as a service. This development is described with the help of various
concepts such as service transformation, product-service system and servitization. Many of these concepts
are interdependent and ambiguous. A clear scientific treatment of the concepts and especially a comparison
of the concepts is therefore currently not possible.
Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop a systematization in the form of a morphology that
describes the various concepts that constitute servitization of the core service product in the engineering
industry. In doing so, the systematization is based on the four dimensions: customer, value proposition,
revenue mechanics and value chain.
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