The classical course structure for medicine in Germany is separated by three sections of the medical state examination. This structure isgenerally regarded as sensible and unchangeable. Because the special program structure at Hannover Medical School (MHH) has one integrated, rather than two separate study blocks, it is possible to examine the influence of structural modifications on the study success of different admission groups.Methods: The data was obtained from students admitted to the MHHbetween 2006 and 2008 in different admission quotas. Study success was defined as the successful completion of the entire program, but completion of the first section of the state examination was also analysed. Results: More students from the best “Abitur” (school leaving examinations) quota successfully completed their studies than those accepted via the selection process of the universities. The latter were more successful than students from the waiting list quota. However the successfulgraduates of this last group completed their studies more often within the prescribed period of study, although they needed more time for completing all parts of the first section of the state examination.Conclusion: The data shows that an integrated course structure can offer, in particular, students from the waiting list quota, the opportunity to compensate for delays in the first years of study. However, they do not provide any evidence which applicants are best suited to meet the social and professional requirements of trained doctors. Due to the complex structure of such longitudinal studies, our results allow more than one plausible interpretation.