Optimization of CPMG sequences to measure NMR transverse relaxation time T2 in borehole applications

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Ronczka, M.; Müller-Petke, M.: Optimization of CPMG sequences to measure NMR transverse relaxation time T2 in borehole applications. In: Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems 1 (2012) , Nr. 2, S. 197–208. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-1-197-2012

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Abstract: 
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can provide key information such as porosity and permeability for hydrological characterization of geological material. In particular the NMR transverse relaxation time T2 is used to estimate permeability since it reflects a pore-size dependent relaxation process. The measurement sequence (CPMG) usually consists of several thousands of electromagnetic pulses to densely record the relaxation process and to avoid relaxation processes that are due to diffusion. These pulses are equidistantly spaced by a time constant tE. In NMR borehole applications the use of CPMG sequences for measuring the transverse relaxation time T2 is limited due to requirements on energy consumption. For measuring T2, it is state-of-the-art to conduct at least two sequences with different echo spacings (tE) for recording fast and slow relaxing processes that correspond to different pore-sizes. We focus on conducting only a single CPMG sequence and reducing the amount of energy while obtaining both slow and fast decaying components and minimizing the influence of relaxation due to diffusion. Therefore, we tested the usage of CPMG sequences with an increasing tE and a decreasing number of pulses. A synthetic study as well as laboratory measurements on samples of glass beads and granulate material of different grain size spectra were conducted to evaluate the effects of an increasing tE. We show that T2 distributions are broadened if the number of pulses is decreasing and the mean grain size is increasing, which is mostly an effect of a significantly shortened acquisition time. The shift of T2 distributions to small decay times as a function of tE and the mean grain size distribution is observed. We found that it is possible to conduct CPMG sequences with an increased tE. According to the acquisition time and increasing influence of relaxation due to diffusion, the sequence parameters need to be chosen carefully to avoid misinterpretations.
License of this version: CC BY 3.0 Unported
Document Type: Article
Publishing status: publishedVersion
Issue Date: 2012
Appears in Collections:Fakultät für Bauingenieurwesen und Geodäsie

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pos. country downloads
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1 image of flag of Germany Germany 46 40.71%
2 image of flag of United States United States 23 20.35%
3 image of flag of France France 6 5.31%
4 image of flag of China China 6 5.31%
5 image of flag of India India 4 3.54%
6 image of flag of Czech Republic Czech Republic 4 3.54%
7 image of flag of Netherlands Netherlands 3 2.65%
8 image of flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom 3 2.65%
9 image of flag of Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran, Islamic Republic of 2 1.77%
10 image of flag of Australia Australia 2 1.77%
    other countries 14 12.39%

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