NLPContributions: An Annotation Scheme for Machine Reading of Scholarly Contributions in Natural Language Processing Literature

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D'Souza, J.; Auer, S.: NLPContributions: An Annotation Scheme for Machine Reading of Scholarly Contributions in Natural Language Processing Literature. In: Zhang, Chengzhi; Mayr, Philipp; Lu, Wie; Zhang, Yi (Eds.): EEKE 2020, 1st Workshop on Extraction and Evaluation of Knowledge Entities from Scientific Documents : proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Extraction and Evaluation of Knowledge Entities from Scientific Documents, co-located with the ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries in 2020 (JCDL 2020). Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2020 (CEUR Workshop Proceedings ; 2658), S. 16-27.

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To cite the version in the repository, please use this identifier: https://doi.org/10.15488/16292

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Abstract: 
We describe an annotation initiative to capture the scholarly contributions in natural language processing (NLP) articles, particularly, for the articles that discuss machine learning (ML) approaches for various information extraction tasks. We develop the annotation task based on a pilot annotation exercise on 50 NLP-ML scholarly articles presenting contributions to five information extraction tasks 1. machine translation, 2. named entity recognition, 3. Question answering, 4. relation classification, and 5. text classification. In this article, we describe the outcomes of this pilot annotation phase. Through the exercise we have obtained an annotation methodology; and found ten core information units that reflect the contribution of the NLP-ML scholarly investigations. The resulting annotation scheme we developed based on these information units is called NLPContributions. The overarching goal of our endeavor is four-fold: 1) to find a systematic set of patterns of subject-predicate-object statements for the semantic structuring of scholarly contributions that are more or less generically applicable for NLP-ML research articles; 2) to apply the discovered patterns in the creation of a larger annotated dataset for training machine readers [18] of research contributions; 3) to ingest the dataset into the Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) infrastructure as a showcase for creating user-friendly state-of-the-art overviews; 4) to integrate the machine readers into the ORKG to assist users in the manual curation of their respective article contributions. We envision that the NLPContributions methodology engenders a wider discussion on the topic toward its further refinement and development. Our pilot annotated dataset of 50 NLP-ML scholarly articles according to the NLPContributions scheme is openly available to the research community at https://doi.org/10.25835/0019761.
License of this version: CC BY 4.0 Unported
Document Type: BookPart
Publishing status: publishedVersion
Issue Date: 2020
Appears in Collections:Zentrale Einrichtungen
Forschungszentren

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1 image of flag of Germany Germany 15 75.00%
2 image of flag of United States United States 3 15.00%
3 image of flag of Russian Federation Russian Federation 2 10.00%

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