The results of tests under monotonically increasing load and cyclic compression load are often analysed by means of probabilistic methods. Although there is a considerable scattering in the results, especially in the number of cycles to failure, the cause of these cannot be completely explained. The imperfections of the specimens tested are among the causes of this scattering mentioned in the literature. Based on a round robin test the influence of HPC and UHPC production and specimen preparation techniques on the mean values of the compressive strengths, number of cycles to failure and data scattering have been evaluated. The main findings of the study are that the production techniques have an influence on the compressive strength, however, do not affect the mean number of cycles to failure. Moreover, the accurate preparation of the specimens has a positive influence on the compressive strength and the scattering of the results of both compression and cyclic load tests. The mean number of cycles to failure of HPC specimens is not influenced by the preparation techniques, whereas the polishing technique may have a positive influence on the mean number of cycles to failure of UHPC specimens. © 2021, The Author(s).