Black carbon and other light-absorbing impurities in snow in the Chilean Andes

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Rowe, P.M.; Cordero, R.R.; Warren, St.G. et al.: Black carbon and other light-absorbing impurities in snow in the Chilean Andes. In: Scientific Reports 9 (2019), Nr. 1, 4008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39312-0

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Abstract: 
Vertical profiles of black carbon (BC) and other light-absorbing impurities were measured in seasonal snow and permanent snowfields in the Chilean Andes during Austral winters 2015 and 2016, at 22 sites between latitudes 18°S and 41°S. The samples were analyzed for spectrally-resolved visible light absorption. For surface snow, the average mass mixing ratio of BC was 15 ng/g in northern Chile (18–33°S), 28 ng/g near Santiago (a major city near latitude 33°S, where urban pollution plays a significant role), and 13 ng/g in southern Chile (33–41°S). The regional average vertically-integrated loading of BC was 207 µg/m 2 in the north, 780 µg/m 2 near Santiago, and 2500 µg/m 2 in the south, where the snow season was longer and the snow was deeper. For samples collected at locations where there had been no new snowfall for a week or more, the BC concentration in surface snow was high (~10–100 ng/g) and the sub-surface snow was comparatively clean, indicating the dominance of dry deposition of BC. Mean albedo reductions due to light-absorbing impurities were 0.0150, 0.0160, and 0.0077 for snow grain radii of 100 µm for northern Chile, the region near Santiago, and southern Chile; respective mean radiative forcings for the winter months were 2.8, 1.4, and 0.6 W/m 2 . In northern Chile, our measurements indicate that light-absorption by impurities in snow was dominated by dust rather than BC. © 2019, The Author(s).
License of this version: CC BY 4.0 Unported
Document Type: Article
Publishing status: publishedVersion
Issue Date: 2019
Appears in Collections:Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik

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pos. country downloads
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1 image of flag of United States United States 35 46.05%
2 image of flag of Germany Germany 20 26.32%
3 image of flag of China China 6 7.89%
4 image of flag of Ireland Ireland 2 2.63%
5 image of flag of Europe Europe 2 2.63%
6 image of flag of Ukraine Ukraine 1 1.32%
7 image of flag of Taiwan Taiwan 1 1.32%
8 image of flag of Tunisia Tunisia 1 1.32%
9 image of flag of Romania Romania 1 1.32%
10 image of flag of Peru Peru 1 1.32%
    other countries 6 7.89%

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