Coping with heat islands in the dense urban area of Athens, Greece – Five concepts and integrated needs of action

Abstract

Global climate change creates new challenges for urban and regional development all over the world. Adapting to a changing climate requires dealing with multiple uncertainties and complexity in order to allow proactive action. Therefore, cities and regions around the globe face the challenge of exploring flexible and innovative forms of governance which have to address specific local vulnerabilities and build capacity to accommodate future change – the resilient city as planning goal.