Silicon reduces the iron uptake in rice and induces iron homeostasis related genes

Abstract

Gramineous plants take up silicon (Si) that enhances the formation of exodermal Casparian bands (CBs) in the roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Furthermore, it is known that Si supply reduces the concentration of Fe in rice shoots. We hypothesized that the Si-enhanced CB formation in the exodermis reduces in the flux of Fe in the apoplast and the uptake of Fe loaded deoxymugineic acid. Thus, the effect of silicic acid supply at varied Fe concentrations and Fe forms was investigated in nutrient solution. The Fe concentrations in the shoot and apoplastic Fe concentrations in the root were determined and an Affymetrix GeneChip experiment was carried out together with qRT-PCR measurements for observation of transcriptomic reactions. Additionally, the Fe uptake of an overexpression mutant of OsABCG25 with an enhanced exodermal CB formation was investigated. The application of silicic acid reduced the Fe concentrations in shoot DM independently of the supplied Fe concentration and Fe form. As a reaction to the Fe shortage, the full cascade of Fe-homeostasis-related genes in the roots was upregulated. Silicic acid supply also decreased the apoplastic Fe concentrations in roots. In addition, an overexpression mutant of OsABCG25 with an enhanced CB formation showed a reduced uptake of Fe in excess Fe conditions. The results suggest that the Si-induced CB formation in the exodermis hampers the flux of Fe into the apoplast of the cortex and, thus, Fe uptake of rice grown in nutrient solution which is reflected in the upregulation of Fe homeostasis-related genes.