Rainfall estimation using moving cars as rain gauges - Laboratory experiments

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Rabiei, E.; Haberlandt, U.; Sester, M.; Fitzner, D.: Rainfall estimation using moving cars as rain gauges - Laboratory experiments. In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17 (2013), Nr. 11, S. 4701-4712. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4701-2013

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To cite the version in the repository, please use this identifier: https://doi.org/10.15488/1056

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Sum total of downloads: 440




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Abstract: 
The spatial assessment of short time-step precipitation is a challenging task. Low density of observation networks, as well as the bias in radar rainfall estimation motivated the new idea of exploiting cars as moving rain gauges with windshield wipers or optical sensors as measurement devices. In a preliminary study, this idea has been tested with computer experiments (Haberlandt and Sester, 2010). The results have shown that a high number of possibly inaccurate measurement devices (moving cars) provide more reliable areal rainfall estimations than a lower number of precise measurement devices (stationary gauges). Instead of assuming a relationship between wiper frequency (<i>W</i>) and rainfall intensity (<i>R</i>) with an arbitrary error, the main objective of this study is to derive valid <i>W</i>-<i>R</i> relationships between sensor readings and rainfall intensity by laboratory experiments. Sensor readings involve the wiper speed, as well as optical sensors which can be placed on cars and are usually made for automating wiper activities. A rain simulator with the capability of producing a wide range of rainfall intensities is designed and constructed. The wiper speed and two optical sensors are used in the laboratory to measure rainfall intensities, and compare it with tipping bucket readings as reference. Furthermore, the effect of the car speed on the estimation of rainfall using a car speed simulator device is investigated. The results show that the sensor readings, which are observed from manual wiper speed adjustment according to the front visibility, can be considered as a strong indicator for rainfall intensity, while the automatic wiper adjustment show weaker performance. Also the sensor readings from optical sensors showed promising results toward measuring rainfall rate. It is observed that the car speed has a significant effect on the rainfall measurement. This effect is highly dependent on the rain type as well as the windshield angle. © 2013 Authjor(s).
License of this version: CC BY 3.0 Unported
Document Type: Article
Publishing status: publishedVersion
Issue Date: 2013
Appears in Collections:Fakultät für Bauingenieurwesen und Geodäsie

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downloads by country:

pos. country downloads
total perc.
1 image of flag of Germany Germany 214 48.64%
2 image of flag of United States United States 60 13.64%
3 image of flag of China China 20 4.55%
4 image of flag of Netherlands Netherlands 14 3.18%
5 image of flag of Egypt Egypt 13 2.95%
6 image of flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom 12 2.73%
7 image of flag of Japan Japan 11 2.50%
8 image of flag of Russian Federation Russian Federation 10 2.27%
9 image of flag of France France 10 2.27%
10 image of flag of Czech Republic Czech Republic 7 1.59%
    other countries 69 15.68%

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